AI, Ethics, and Ecology: Reimagining Agricultural Innovation for Planetary Health

Samenvatting

Agriculture sits at the nexus of human survival, economic development, and environmental sustainability. As the global
population moves toward 10 billion by mid-century, artificial intelligence (AI) offers unprecedented opportunities to
revolutionize food systems. Yet, the integration of AI into agricultural practice raises profound ethical, ecological, and social
questions. This review critically examines the convergence of AI, ethics, and ecology, arguing that agricultural innovation
must be guided by the principles of planetary health — a framework that unites human well-being with the integrity of Earth’s
ecosystems. Through an interdisciplinary lens, the paper explores the potential of AI-driven technologies in precision
agriculture, biodiversity monitoring, climate adaptation, and supply-chain optimization, while addressing ethical dilemmas
related to data ownership, bias, and ecological justice. The review concludes with a roadmap for embedding ethical and
ecological intelligence within AI governance frameworks to ensure that agricultural transformation contributes to sustainable,
equitable, and resilient planetary futures.